Harold

Harold Features

• Advanced hetero-structure model for simulating FP lasers/SOAs based on well-established physical models:

  • Self-consistent solving of electro-optic, heat flow, carrier capture/escape and recombination equations

  • Supports strained layers

  • Built-in optical mode solver

  • Nuilt-in Schrodinger solver

• Layers editor allows near-arbitrary (single and MQW) epitaxial layer structures to be defined; supports grading of alloy composition and doping within layers.

• Material database: comes with a set of standard materials; you can add your own materials too.

• Various simulation options:

  • 1d (vertical) or 2d (vertical + longitudinal)

  • isothermal (pulsed) or self-heating (CW) modes.

• Comprehensive simulation results:

  • optical/electrical/thermal characteristics of device

  • vertical and vertical-longitudinal profiles of numerous quantities

  • quantities vs. bias

  • spontaneous emission and gain spectra

  • quantum well wavefunctions.

• XY Laser Module extends Harold’s capability into the x-dimension for modelling lateral structure:

  • Cross-section editor allows full physical definition of laser cross-section – supports graded etching, insulating layers, and multiple contacts on same side

  • 2D+Z finite difference mode solver (see here for details of FDM Solver) with farfield calculator; optical mode can be updated with increasing bias to account for hot-cavity effects

  • Simulation results include 2D vertical-lateral profiles of numerous quantities  

• VCSEL Module (option): Full 3D VCSEL model, taking into account optical, electrical and thermal effects.

• Quantum-Confined Stark Effect (QCSE) Module (option): advanced physical model allowing to simulate electro-absorption modulators (EAM) with Quantum-Confined Stark Effect.

• Link with PICWave: export material files, gain and spontaneous emission spectra files and epitaxial layer structures (SWGs) to PICWave for fast time-domain simulation  

• Extensive command-line interface, support for scripting with Python and MATLAB 

Click the links on the left for more Features information.